June 2023 - ILUG-D - lists.fsci.in

1D1C - dnf
by Dhanasekar 30 Jun '23

30 Jun '23

dnf - Dandified YUM is a fork of YUM package manager To install package $ sudo dnf install <package_name> $ sudo dnf install httpd To list all repositories $ sudo dnf repolist all To list enabled repositories $ sudo dnf repolist To remove package $ sudo dnf remove <package_name> $ sudo dnf remove vsftpd $ sudo dnf erase vsftpd To update a package $ sudo dnf update firefox To check for full system update $ sudo dnf check-update To upgrade all system packages $ sudo dnf upgrade To list all group packages $ sudo dnf grouplist To Install group packages $ sudo dnf groupinstall "Development Tools" To Remove group packages $ sudo dnf groupremove "Development Tools" To search for packages $ sudo dnf search httpd To download only package and not to install $ sudo dnf download bind To show all available packages $ sudo dnf list available To show only installed package $ sudo dnf list installed To show all installed as well as available packages $ sudo dnf list To enable repo for installation $ sudo dnf install --enablerepo=epel mariadb To check which package provides the required function $ sudo dnf provides httpd $ sudo dnf provides /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf To view package information $ sudo dnf info htop To create a cache manually $ sudo time dnf makecache To delete a cache $ sudo dnf clean all To check the transaction history $ sudo dnf history To remove orphan packages $ sudo dnf autoremove To synchronize all the packages to latest stable releases $ sudo dnf distro-sync To reinstall a package $ sudo dnf reinstall firefox To upgrade to a particular version $ sudo dnf upgrade-to httpd-<version> regards, T.Dhanasekar

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1D1C - sar
by Dhanasekar 29 Jun '23

29 Jun '23

sar - Collect, report, or save system activity information. syntax $ sar [option] [interval] [count] To display the CPU utilization report. $ sar -u $ sar -u ALL To report CPU utilization for each n seconds $ sar -u 3 $ sar -u 10 To display memory utilization statistics $ sar -r To display I/O and transfer rate statistics $ sar -b To display statistics for the specified processor $ sar -P 0 To reports statistics for each individual processor, and globally for all processors $ sar -P ALL To view swap space utilization statistics $ sar -S To display 4 swap space utilization reports for every 3 seconds $ sar -S 2 4 To display memory swapping statistics $ sar -W To display filesystems statistics $ sar -F 2 4 To report network statistics $ sar -n SOCK $ sar -n DEV To display all network statistics $ sar -n ALL To display block devices statistics $ sar -d To display queue length and load averages $ sar -q To display paging statistics $ sar -B To report task creation and system switching activity $ sar -w 2 4 To report about kernel tables $ sar -v 2 4 To display all statistics $ sar -A regards, T.Dhanasekar

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1D1C - wdctl
by Dhanasekar 28 Jun '23

28 Jun '23

wdctl - show hardware watchdog status To display the watchdog status $ wdctl To print raw output format $ wdctl -r To print help options $ wdctl -h To print the watchdog status in a single line in key-value pairs $ wdctl --oneline regards, T.Dhanasekar

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1D1C - whiptail
by Dhanasekar 27 Jun '23

27 Jun '23

whiptail - is a program that will let you present a variety of questions or display messages using dialog boxes from a shell script To display a simple message $ whiptail --title "ILUGC" --msgbox "message" 5 15 To display a boolean choice $ whiptail --title "Learn Linux" --yesno "ILUGC" 5 20 To customise the text on the yes / no buttons $ whiptail --title "FOSS" --yes-button "choose Ubuntu" --no-button "Choose Centos" --yesno "message" 5 50 To display a text input box $ result_variable_name="$(whiptail --title "FOSS" --inputbox "message" 5 20 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)" To display a password input box $ result_variable_name="$(whiptail --title "password" --passwordbox "message" 5 20 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3)" To display a multiple-choice menu $ result_variable_name=$(whiptail --title "title" --menu "message" 20 50 10 "option1" "ubuntu" "option2" "debian" "option3" "centos" 3>&1 1>&2 2>&3) regards, T.Dhanasekar

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1D1C - yum
by Dhanasekar 26 Jun '23

26 Jun '23

yum ( Yellowdog Updater Modified ) - is an interactive, rpm based, package manager To search for a package $ sudo yum search <package_name> $ sudo yum search htop To install package $ sudo yum install <package_name> $ sudo yum install htop To remove a package $ sudo yum remove <package_name> $ sudo yum remove bind To update a package $ sudo yum update <package_name> $ sudo yum update firefox To list a package $ sudo yum list <package_name> $ sudo yum list httpd To get information about a package $ sudo yum info <package_name> $ sudo yum info openssh To list all available packages $ sudo yum list To list all installed packages $ sudo yum list installed To find which package a specific file belongs to $ sudo yum provides /etc/vsftpd/vsftpd.conf To check for available updates $ sudo yum check-update To update the system $ sudo yum update To list all available group packages $ sudo yum grouplist To install group packages $ sudo yum groupinstall "Development Tools" To update a group packages $ sudo yum groupupdate 'Development Tools' To remove group packages $ sudo yum groupremove 'Development Tools' To list enabled Yum repositories $ sudo yum repolist To list all enabled and disabled Yum repositories $ sudo yum repolist all To invoke yum shell $ sudo yum shell > info httpd To clean Yum cache $ sudo yum clean all To view history of Yum $ sudo yum history To read commands from text file and execute $ cat yum_command.txt info httpd repolist $ sudo yum shell yum_command.txt regards, T.Dhanasekar

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1D1C - whois
by Dhanasekar 25 Jun '23

25 Jun '23

whois - client for the whois directory service To Find IP Address Information $ whois 216.58.206.46 To Find Domain Information $ whois ilugc.in $ whois chennaipy.org To find the Registry expiration date of a domain $ whois <domain name> | grep 'Registry Expiry Date:' $ whois ilugc.in | grep 'Registry Expiry Date:' $ whois linuxdelhi.org | grep 'Registry Expiry Date:' $ whois chennaipy.org | grep 'Registry Expiry Date:' regards, T.Dhanasekar

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1D1C - setsid
by Dhanasekar 24 Jun '23

24 Jun '23

setsid - is used to run a program in a new session To show the help options $ setsid -h To set the controlling terminal to the current one $ setsid -c ./sample.sh To Execute a program even after log out $ setsid ./example-script.sh To make wait for the execution of the program to end and return the exit value of this program as the return value of setsid $ setsid -w ./sample.sh regards, T.Dhanasekar

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1D1C - openssl-rand
by Dhanasekar 23 Jun '23

23 Jun '23

openssl-rand - generate pseudo-random bytes To generate the password using openssl-rand $ openssl rand -base64 7 $ openssl rand -base64 10 regards, T.Dhanasekar

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1D1C - makepasswd
by Dhanasekar 22 Jun '23

22 Jun '23

makepasswd - generate and/or encrypt passwords To generate passwords by default without any options $ makepasswd To generate passwords by desired count and length $ makepasswd --chars=10 --count=10 $ makepasswd --chars=12 --count=16 $ makepasswd --chars=12 --count=20 regards, T.Dhanasekar

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1D1C - urandom
by Dhanasekar 21 Jun '23

21 Jun '23

urandom - kernel random number source devices To generate password of length “15” $ head -c 15 /dev/urandom | base64 To generate password of length "30" $ head -c 30 /dev/urandom | base64 regards, T.Dhanasekar

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ILUG-D June 2023